1. Elders are always elected by the congregation in the presbyterian system. They can be elected for life or a fixed term.
By a voting assembly composed of adults males? Once elected, can they be removed by the congregation?
2. Is the Presbytery body elected for fixed terms or for life, like bishops?
3.& 4. I've heard that courts only recognize two systems: episcopal and congregational. If true, how church documents are written would probably determine the legal authority and power of the Presbytery.
5. From what you have written, it seems that Presbyterianism shares some features of both episcopal (hierarchy) and congregational (voters' assembly) systems and is somewhat flexible in adapting to changing circumstances while remaining scripturally based.
My chief concern would be removal from the teaching office by the Presbytery body without consultation/approval by the local congregation. It seems to me only the congregation can remove the man whom it has placed in the teaching office.
